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We must never forget
The road to Auschwitz was built by hate, but paved with indifference.
IAN KERSHAW
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(This unit has movies in order to view them
please Download RealPlayer
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You can still use this unit without downloading the program.)
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Click here for
Timeline of the
Holocaust:
1933-1945 
The Holocaust is the systematic killing of six million
Jewish men, women, and children and millions of others by Nazi Germany and its
collaborators during World War II. The Germans called this “the final
solution to the Jewish question.” The word Holocaust is derived from
the Greek holokauston, a translation of the Hebrew word 'olah,
meaning a burnt sacrifice offered whole to God. This word was chosen because
in the ultimate manifestation of the Nazi killing program - the extermination
camps - the bodies of the victims were consumed whole in crematoria and open
fires.
Click here to learn more
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ANTISEMITISM
1. Pair work: read about antisemitism in the following link. What does the term mean?
What
is anti-Semitism?
To learn more see our unit on
anti-Semitism
The Nazis used Laws,
Propaganda and
Violence to fight their “domestic
enemies”.
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LAWS
2. At the 1935 party rally, the Nuremberg Laws were announced. Jews no
longer were German citizens; they were subjects. Jews were separated
politically, socially, and legally from the Germans.
The following is a list of laws against Jews as presented at the Nuremberg
Trials. These laws say that Jews cannot vote, cannot work in the civil service
and also cannot work in many other professions.
Find 5 professions that Jews were not allowed to work in-
Click
here
3. Listen to a testimony
by Marion P. and read the transcript:
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Marion P.
A Dutch rescuer explains her decision to help hide Jews.
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Click
here to listen |
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READ TRANSCRIPT:
"When I was on my way to
classes at the school of social work, and I saw a truck being loaded
with Jewish children from a Jewish home. I mentioned earlier about these
two Dutch women, and there were others who brought Jewish children to
Holland. This was one of the small group homes. These children ranged in
age from about two to ten. And the way those Germans treated those
children, again, on a sunny day like today--at nine o'clock in the
morning, you're on your way to work and you see, on the sidewalk, adult
males laughing and joking around while they're picking up small children
by their arms, their legs, their hair, and throwing them in a truck--it
helps you believe that they could do anything at all. There were two
women who attacked the Germans, tried to stop them, and they were thrown
on the truck too. And that was when I decided to become, more active,
shall we say." |
Marion P. Holocaust Testimony (HVT-754). Fortunoff
Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies, Yale University Library.
What did Marion see one sunny morning that made her become
more active and help Jews?
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More Testimonials
Voices of the Holocause - hear Testimonials and read the
transcripts
Click
here to hear more testimonials.
Read and listen to the story of Lola
Rein and her dress
| Sign excluding Jews from
public places
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Signs excluding Jews, such
as the sign shown here, were posted in public places (including parks,
theaters, movie houses, and restaurants) throughout Nazi Germany. This
sign states in German: "Jews are not wanted
here." |
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United States Holocaust
Memorial Museum – Collections |
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4. From everything you know, describe how in
your opinion a Jewish person felt in those days when he saw this and other
similar signs.
Send to the
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PROPAGANDA
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Illustration from an anti-Semitic children's primer.
The sign reads "Jews are not wanted here."
Germany, 1936.
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| United States Holocaust
Memorial Museum - Photo Archives |
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5. The Nazis did not only use laws against the Jews, they also used
propaganda. Propaganda relies on emotion rather than on logic. It
concentrates on a few points and then repeats those points over and over
again.
The following are
anti-Semitic cartoons
(scroll until the middle of the page).
Choose 2 and explain how the Jew
is shown.
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Violence-terror and death
6. The Nazi party military and police agencies destroyed synagogues,
smashed windows of Jewish businesses and homes, physically beat Jews, and
arrested thousands of Jews who were then sent to concentration camps.
On November 9 and 10, 1938, Kristallnacht, or "The Night of Broken Glass,"
was a turning point in the escalation of terror against Jews.
In the following link you will see photographs of the destruction of Kristallnacht.
Click on the picture to see it bigger.
Choose 2 pictures and describe them.
Pictures
of Kristallnacht
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7. Approximately 11 million people were killed because of the Nazis.
Those believed by Hitler and the Nazis to be enemies of the state were sent
to camps. Inside the concentration camps, prisoners were forced to wear
various colored triangles. Each color represented a different group.
The letters on the triangular badges tell about the prisoners' countries of
origin.
In the following link you will see different badges. Write why in your
opinion the Nazis wanted their prisoners to wear these symbols.
Click
here
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CHILDREN IN THE HOLOCAUST
Over one million children under the age of
sixteen died in the Holocaust.
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| Children eating in the ghetto
streets. Warsaw, Poland, between 1940 and 1943. |
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum -
Photo Archives
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Anne Frank 
| Over one million children under the age of
sixteen died in the Holocaust.
Anne Frank was one of them. |
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Some Jewish children had to hide with their families in
concealed closets, holes, or even sewers. The children had to stay quiet and
still for weeks or months. Some of these families received small amounts of food
from people who knew where they were hiding. |
Anne Frank and her family had to hide from the Nazis.
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8. In the following link you will read about
Anne
Frank’s time line. Answer the following questions:
A) Where were Anne’s mother and father born?
B) What did Anne receive for her thirteenth birthday?
C) Where were Anne and Margot sent in Oct 30, 1944?
Check your answers
Read
excerpts
from Anne Frank's diary.
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In pairs: choose one
excerpt that moved you and write about it.
To learn more:
Anne
Frank-scholastic.com
Anne
Frank House
Annefrank.com
Anne Frank in
the world
Anne Frank's webquest
Anne
Frank and the Holocaust webquest
In the following link you
will see photos and biographies of many children, most of whom did not
survive the Holocaust.
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9. Choose one child and prepare for an oral presentation.
Click on the name
to read about the child.
Click
here.
Prepare for a short oral presentation about the child you chose.
Write your draft here:
10. In the following link you will
read how the children of Auschwitz
managed
to survive.
Click here.
How did these children survive the
Holocaust?
Rachel G.
was also a child during the Holocaust
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Rachel G. was
born in
Brussels, Belgium in 1934, and enjoyed
a happy childhood prior to the German invasion.
She describes the Gestapo's search for her when she was a child.
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Click
here to see the video |
| "One day
the Gestapo came in and the Carmelite - they were Carmelite nuns, and as
you know the men cannot go there. It's one of their rules; they cannot see
men. They knocked on the door and we want her - with the guns and all - we
want that Jewish child. We know you have a Jewish child there. And the
nuns said absolutely not. We don't have anybody. And they broke the door.
And what I will never forget is that the six nuns, they had a big basket
of laundry that they carried three on the side, because there was a lot of
laundry for all of these priests. And they pushed me in that laundry to
hide me and they put all the linen on top. That happened like in one
second. And that's how I was saved." |
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Rachel G. Holocaust Testimony (HVT-139). Fortunoff
Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies,
Yale University Library.
11. How did Rachel G. survive ?
HOLOCAUST RESCUERS
12. During the time of the holocaust there were very brave people who helped
others.
These people are called rescuers.
In the following link you will find the stories of seven
rescuers.
By clicking
on the person’s name you can get much more information and see
pictures.
Choose one rescuer and write in your
own words how the person
you chose helped Jews. Click
here.
Display your work in your English room.
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HOLOCAUST DENIERS:" THE HOLOCAUST DID NOT OCCUR".
13. Holocaust Deniers
say that the Holocaust
did not happen.
Read
here
what they claim.
A. Write three facts that the Holocaust Deniers
claim.
To read about more organizations that
say that the Holocaust was a lie
Click
here to read what they say.
The
Nizkor Project
B. What can we do to fight the Holocaust Deniers?
Send your suggestions to the
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14. Do you think Nazi and hate web sites should be shut down?
Write your opinion in the
To learn more about Holocaust deni al
click
here
Interview a survivor
15. Unfortunately, there are not many Holocaust survivors who are still alive
today.
Interview a Holocaust survivor or a son/daughter of a
Holocaust survivor.
Display your work in your English Room and share with us in
the
16. Perptrators are Nazis who took part in the war against the Jews.
These names are only a few of the people who killed Jews:
| Adolf Hitler |
Hans Frank |
Joseph Goebbels |
Hermann Göring |
Rudolf Hess |
| Adolf Eichmann |
Joseph Mengele |
Heinrich Himmler |
Reinhard Heydrich |
Jürgen Stroop |
Click
to see photos of Nazi leaders
** Choose one Nazi leader.
Search the Internet to find
out what he did.
Write a factsheet and display in your class.
Write your draft here:
Poems on the Holocaust
Music of the Ghettos and camps
anti-rev.org
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Online Quizzes
Online
quizzes on many subjects
Pictures of the Holocaust
Holocaust Pictures Exhibition
Holocaust photos
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From AMIT Schools - Israel
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Read
what our pupils from AMIT Rehovot wrote on the trip to Poland
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Read what our teachers
wrote about the Holocaust
Ecards
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For comments and feedback please write to
Sigalit Arditi
Last updated
13/03/10
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